Advanced Brain Tumor 2

Tuesday 13 May 2014

Nikolai J Mickevicius¹, Elizabeth Cochran², Scott D Rand³, Jennifer Connelly⁴, Mona Al-Gizawiy³, Kathleen M Schmainda⁵, and Peter S LaViolette^3
1Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States, ²Pathology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States, ³Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States, ⁴Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States, ⁵Radiology, Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, United States

Presence of restricted diffusion and FLAIR hyperintensity outside of contrast enhancing tumor is a potential imaging biomarker for invasive brain tumor cells.

James Russell Ewing¹, Mahdava Aryal¹, Nagaraja Tavarekere², Kelly Keenan², Swayamprava Panda¹, Hassan Bagher-Ebadian³, and Stephen Brown^4
1Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, ²Anesthesiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, ³Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, United States, ⁴Radiation Oncology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroi, MI, United States

A method of using DCE-MRI data is presented that will lead to a noninvasive estimate of tumor interstitial fluid pressure.

Monika Huhndorf¹, Olga Will², Rolf Mentlein³, Olav Jansen¹, and Susann Boretius^2
1Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany, ²Section Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany, ³Anatomical Institute, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany

Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant brain tumor with an infaust prognosis and still a therapeutic challenge, because of its infiltrative tumor growth. Visualizing tumor-cell infiltration non-invasively has been focused by many scientists. Since infiltration starts at the tumor margin, we focused on imaging of this area in a rat C6-glioma model at 7T MRI using diffusion tensor and magnetization transfer imaging. We observed an increase in fractional anisotropy and MT saturation at the tumor margin beyond the tumor region visible on T2-weighted images indicating structural changes in peritumoral tissue.

Priyanka P Pramanik¹, Hemant A Parmar², Aaron G Mammoser³, Larry R Junck³, Theodore S Lawrence¹, Christina I Tsien¹, and Yue Cao^1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, ²Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, ³Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States

The blood-brain(tumor)-barrier could impact therapeutic efficacy of glioblastoma, particularly in the non-enhanced component, which is difficult to differentiate from edema using conventional MRI. This study explores high b-value Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) as a means to identifying the non-enhanced solid tumor. Our study shows that a large non-enhanced high cellular tumor volume extracted from b=3000 s/mm^2 DWI is associated with a higher likelihood of non-central recurrence. High b-value DWI shows promise for aiding in radiation therapy target volume definition.

Jing-Jing Jiang¹, Ling-Yun Zhao¹, Wei Xiong², Yi-Hao Yao¹, Shun Zhang¹, Yan Zhang¹, Ri-Feng Jiang¹, Zhen-Yu Zhou³, and Wen-Zhen Zhu^1
1Tongji hospital, tongji medical college, huazhong university of science and technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China, ²MR modality, GE healthcare, Wuhan, Hubei, China, ³MR Research China, GE healthcare, Beijing, China

To evaluate the performance of DWI using the stretched-exponential model of intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) in grading astrocytoma and to determine the correlation of astrocytoma with PCNA.

Dilini S. Pinnaduwage¹, Morgan Yee¹, Martina Descovich¹, Josephine Chen¹, Atchar Sudhyadhom¹, Ken-Pin Hwang^2,3, Andras Osztroluczki⁴, and Jean Pouliot^1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States, ²Global MR Applications and Workflow, GE Healthcare, Houston, TX, United States, ³Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States, ⁴Advantage Workstation Applications, GE Healthcare, Szeged, Hungary

MRI is a necessity for tumor delineation in radiation therapy planning for most cases because it allows the visualization of soft tissue differences. However, the current radiation therapy process uses CT for dose calculation in treatment planning because CT image intensities, unlike MR image intensities show a clear relationship with tissue electron densities, allowing for dose calculation. Thus, MR-CT co-registration is used to transfer the target contours from MRI to CT. The purpose of our work is to determine the accuracy of MRI-based dose calculations by using an automated method to generate a pseudo CT from an input MRI.

Meiyun Wang¹, Yan Bai¹, Panli Zuo², Benjamin Schmitt³, Dapeng Shi¹, Jie Tian⁴, and Jinyuan Zhou^5
1Department of Radiology, Henan Provincial Peopls's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China, ²Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China, ³Siemens Healthcare, Germany, ⁴Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, ⁵Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States

This study investigated the value of amide proton transfer (APT) and 3D pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) MRI in grading gliomas. The results showed a positive correlation between endogenous mobile proteins and CBF in gliomas and suggested that the parameters derived from APT and 3D pCASL MRI are useful in grading cerebral gliomas.

Vincent Kyu Lee¹, Rafael Ceschin¹, Yongxian Qian^2,3, Fernando Boada⁴, James Mountz⁵, Regina Jakacki⁶, Ian Pollack⁷, and Ashok Panigrahy^2
1Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa, United States, ²Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pa, United States, ³Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pa, United States, ⁴Radiology, New York University, NY, United States, ⁵University of Pittsburgh, Pa, United States, ⁶Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pa, United States, ⁷Pediatric Neurosurgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pa, United States

In this study we report the alterations in sodium intensity observed in a spectrum of pediatric gliomas using 23Na MR imaging to characterize the changes. Pediatric astrocytoma patients (total=26; brainstem gliomas (n=10), low grade (n=6), and high grade (n=10) supratentorial gliomas) at different points of therapy were scanned on clinical 3T MRI scanner. An overall increase in sodium concentration in the brain tumors compared to normal appearing grey and white matter is observed, and the heterogeneous tumor response is demonstrated in supratentorial gliomas. Overall results show the viability of sodium scans as a supplement to clinical scans.

Martin Wilson^1,2, Simrandip K Gill^1,2, Lesley MacPherson², Martin English², Theodoros N Arvanitis^2,3, and Andrew C Peet^1,2
1School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom, ²Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom, ³Institute of Digital Healthcare, WMG, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom

Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumour occurring in childhood and the diversity of outcomes makes this a particularly challenging disease to treat. In this study, ¹H MRS was collected from 35 medulloblastoma patients and metabolite biomarkers were investigated to stratify high-risk patients. Glutamate was found to predict survival, and validated prospectively. ¹H HR-MAS was collected from a sub-set of patients and agreement between in-vivo and ex-vivo results was found, adding validation to the assignment of glutamate. The identification of glutamate as a predictive biomarker of survival in medulloblastoma provides a clinically viable measure and multi-center reproduction is warranted.

Sandeep K Ganji^1,2, Akshay Madan¹, Zhongxu An¹, Elizabeth A Maher^3,4, and Changho Choi^1,2
1Advanced Imaging Research Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, ²Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, ³Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States, ⁴Harold C. Simmons Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States