Joint Annual Meeting ISMRM-ESMRMB • 16-21 June 2018 • Paris, France

Weekend Educational Course
MR Systems Engineering
MR Systems Engineering: Part 3
Weekend Course

ORGANIZERS: Gregor Adriany, Christoph Juchem, Mary McDougall, Greig Scott

Saturday, 16 June 2018
N04  13:15 - 14:45 Moderators:  Christoph Juchem, Sebastian Littin

Skill Level: Basic to Intermediate

Session Number: WE-02C

Overview
This one-day educational course is targeted at scientists and clinicians interested in understanding the engineering of magnetic resonance systems on a subsystems level. In a series of lectures from experts in MR systems engineering, attendees will first be provided with an overview of an MR system, and then learn about the design of magnet, gradients and shim systems, as well as the operation of the radiofrequency (RF) electronic subsystems that interface with RF coils. Issues relating to the site preparation and installation of new MR systems will also be discussed. In addition attendees will be taught about the key elements of MR safety as it relates to peripheral nerve stimulation (low frequency electromagnetic field interactions with the body) as well as energy deposition in the body from high frequency electromagnetic field interactions. The compatibility of medical devices and implants with an MRI scanner will be discussed. This course is aimed at scientists and clinicians with a technical background and interest in MR systems hardware. It is expected to provide attendees with an understanding of fundamental aspects of MR system operation.

Target Audience
Scientists and clinicians who are starting to work in the field of MRI and would like to have an overview of the engineering of an MR system. More experienced researchers in particular areas of MR engineering will also benefit from hearing about recent advances in the engineering of MR systems.

Educational Objectives
As a result of attending this course, participants should be able to:
-Discuss the basic subsystems hardware components of an MRI scanner, including how they interact and function;
-Describe issues related to installing a new MR scanner, including space, venting, power and cooling considerations;
-Recognize practical limitations in the design and construction of magnets, gradients and shim systems;
-Identify the basic mechanisms by which medical devices interact with the magnet and gradients within an MRI scanner;
-Describe the interactions of electromagnetic fields (both low frequency gradient switching and high frequency RF) with the human body; and
-Explain the RF electronic subsystems that interface with RF coils, including interactions between separate transmit and receive coils.



  RF Transmit & Receive Chain
13:15
RF Transmit: Power Delivery, Decoupling & Duty Cycle
Natalia Gudino
This talk will cover different RF engineering methods used in the design and implementation of transmit systems currently available in clinical MRI settings and research sites. 

13:45
RF Receivers: Signal Detection Chain, Digitization, System Noise Figures - from MRI Signal to Bits
Nicola De Zanche
This lecture covers the components of the RF chain from detection of the signal in the RF coil to its final representation as digital data. Each component is described and its effect on signal strength and quality is discussed.

 

Controlling the MR Scanner
14:15
  Controlling the MR Subsystems: Pulse Sequence Control, Waveform Generation & Real-Time Control
Juan Santos
Lecture for scientists and clinicians interested in learning more details about the core software structure and control systems of an MRI machine.

14:45
  Break & Meet the Teachers
 
MR Systems Engineering: Part 4
Weekend Course

ORGANIZERS: Gregor Adriany, Christoph Juchem, Mary McDougall, Greig Scott

Saturday, 16 June 2018
N04  15:15 - 16:45 Moderators:  Christoph Juchem, Sebastian Littin

Skill Level: Basic to Intermediate

Session Number: WE-02D

Overview
This one-day educational course is targeted at scientists and clinicians interested in understanding the engineering of magnetic resonance systems on a subsystems level. In a series of lectures from experts in MR Systems Engineering, attendees will first be provided with an overview of an MR system, and then learn about the design of magnet, gradients and shim systems, as well as the operation of the radiofrequency (RF) electronic subsystems that interface with RF coils. Issues relating to the site preparation and installation of new MR systems will also be discussed. In addition attendees will be taught about the key elements of MR safety as it relates to peripheral nerve stimulation (low frequency electromagnetic field interactions with the body) as well as energy deposition in the body from high frequency electromagnetic field interactions. The compatibility of medical devices and implants with an MRI scanner will be discussed. This course is aimed at scientists and clinicians with a technical background and interest in MR systems hardware. It is expected to provide attendees with an understanding of fundamental aspects of MR system operation.


Target Audience
Scientists and clinicians who are starting to work in the field of MRI and would like to have an overview of the engineering of an MR system. More experienced researchers in particular areas of MR Engineering will also benefit from hearing about recent advances in the engineering of MR systems.


Educational Objectives
As a result of attending this course, participants should be able to:
-Discuss the basic subsystems hardware components of an MRI scanner, including how they interact and function; 
-Describe issues related to installing a new MR scanner, including space, venting, power and cooling considerations; 
-Recognize practical limitations in the design and construction of magnets, gradients and shim systems; 
-Identify the basic mechanisms by which medical devices interact with the magnet and gradients within an MRI scanner; 
-Describe the interactions of electromagnetic fields (both low frequency gradient switching and high frequency RF) with the human body; and 
-Explain the RF electronic subsystems that interface with RF coils, including interactions between separate transmit and receive coils.



  Controlling the MR Scanner
15:15
Multi-Modality Imaging in an MRI Scanner: Making the Systems Compatible
Chrit Moonen
Focused ultrasound (FUS) is increasingly used for therapy. It can be guided by MRI, ultrasound imaging, or both. Here, three examples are elaborated how MRI and ultrasound imaging can be used simultaneously and beneficially for guiding FUS: 1) Tracking of beampath obstructions (ribs); 2) Motion evaluation; 3) Monitoring of cavitation during drug delivery with microbubbles.

 

Systems Safety
15:45
  Basic MR Safety: SAR to Temperature, Power Deposition/Monitoring, Effects of RF Coils & Field Strength
Nicolas Boulant
The advent of parallel transmission at high field has led to many studies aiming at quantifying more accurately the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)/temperature aspects while understanding in more details the risks involved in MRI experiments. This talk gives a review of different techniques employed for SAR calculations, their validations and real-time supervision. Safety margins arising from each step of the evaluation chain are described and future directions for temperature evaluation are presented.

16:15
  Peripheral Nerve Stimulation, Implants & Devices: Safe Use & Considerations for MRI
Mark Conroy

This presentation will describe the MRI related risks to patients with active implantable devices with respect to unintended electrical tissue stimulation. The mechanisms due to RF rectification and gradient induced electrical potential will be described using simplified circuit models. Standard test methods for characterizing device performance in the MRI environment will be described. Finally, risk mitigation strategies and MR Conditional labeling strategies will be reviewed.


16:45
  Adjournment & Meet the Teachers
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The International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.