Atsushi Fukuyama¹, Katsuhiro Inoue², Shinichi Takase², Tsunehiro Yamahata², Yutaka Kato³, and Shuji Koyama^4
1Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan, ²Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan, ³Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan, ⁴Brain & Mind Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

Compressed sensing (CS) is a technique that applies image compression theory to reconstruct an image from unusually sparse data that is used to infer the remaining data. CS is similar to parallel imaging technique, another technology that reduces imaging time. However, in case of the former, there is no reduction in the signal-to-noise ratio. In recent years, several studies have been conducted with the goal of reducing burden on patients by using the CS technique that can measure flow velocity in four dimensions (the three dimensions + time).

Helle Juhl Simonsen¹, Ulrich Lindberg², Karina Elin Segers³, Bente Sonne Møller³, and Henrik B.W. Larsson^2
1Functional Imaging Unit Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Hvidovre, Denmark, ²Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark, ³Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark

To investigate the cerebral blood flow, patients with Cerebrovascular Disease have previously been referred for a single-photon-emission-computed-tomography scanning with/ maybe without Diamox (a vasodilator). If the patient has perfusion defects on the first SPECT scanning with Diamox, the patient must undergo a new SPECT scanning without Diamox to determine whether the flow defects are due to reduced flow reserve. It is time-consuming examinations in which the patient receives gamma radiation from administered radioactive drug. To prevent patients going through two long examinations and to get a more detailed examination of the cerebrovascular defects, we have set-up a clinical MRI protocol.  

Helle Juhl Simonsen¹, Karina Elin Segers², Eduardo Hansen², Mads Rostock², and Ulrich Lindberg^1
1Functional Imaging Unit, Dept. of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark, ²Department of Radiology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark

Our research unit became in the end of 2018, involved in a major research project, where we over a period of 3 years shall MRI scan a cohort of 600, 10-year-old children.  The MR scanning’s results, will be a part of a larger project, where the children have been followed with different test since birth. For the project, it will be very important that we get high image quality. Scanning children without sedation can be a bit of a challenge. We shortened our research protocol as much as possible and found a cheap solution to entertain children during the scan.

Takumi Yokohama¹, Motoyuki Iwasaki², Daisuke Oura¹, Sho Furuya³, Yoshimasa Niiya², and Tomoyuki Okuaki^4
1Radiology, Otaru General Hospital, Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan, ²Neurosurgery, Otaru General Hospital, Otaru, Hokkaido, Japan, ³Nuclear of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, ⁴Radiology, Philips Healthcare, Tokyo, Japan

We evaluated the perioperative FA change in CSM patients using ZOOM DTI. As a result, the FA value after decompression surgery showed the proper state of the damaged cord and had a significant positive relationship with the patient’s outcome. The postsurgical FA value can become an accurate prognostic factor. Besides, the presurgical FA value did not have any relationships with the patient’s outcome, the reason why that a masking effect as an “Aligned Fibers Effect” due to strongly stenosis even using fine resolution DTI.

Peik Yen Teh¹, Weiling Lee¹, Kim Hin Lo¹, and Sarat Kumar Sanamandra^1
1Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore

Advances of neonatal brain imaging from 1.5T to 3T is beneficial as the additional signal gained from a greater magnetic field strength can be translated into higher spatial resolution and shorter acquisition time. This improves the depiction of intracranial structures and abnormality, hence better clinical outcome can be achieved. Nevertheless, the pitfalls with greater magnetic field strength need to be addressed to reap the benefit of higher magnetic field strength.

zhao pengfei¹, gao yang², and qiao pengfei^2
1Department of MRI, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China, ²Department of MRI, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Huhhot, China

The present study investigated the application of texture analysis of DCE-MRI in different ROIs in glioma grading. 50 with HGG (WHO grade III–IV) and 50 with LGG (WHO grade I–II) were included. All tumors were confirmed by pathology, and patients underwent DCE-MRI. The quantitative parameter of inhomogeneity was determined for two ROIs: whole tumor and solid portion. For both whole tumor ROI, heterogeneity was significantly different between HGG and LGG (P = 0.01). For the solid portion ROI, inhomogeneity was not significantly different between HGG and LGG (P = 0.07). Whole tumor inhomogeneity demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy.

Amber Pokorney¹, Jeffrey Miller¹, and Ryan Robison^1
1Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States

To compare the image quality and diagnostic utility of a spiral 3D inversion recovery gradient echo sequence versus a conventional 3D inversion recovery gradient echo sequence (i.e.TFE).

Amber Pokorney¹, Jeffrey Miller¹, and Ryan Robison^1
1Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, United States

The primary objective to this study was to demonstrate superiority of lesion visualization of Dotarem enhanced MRI over unenhanced MRI along with the evaluation of safety and efficacy of Dotarem enhanced MRI in pediatric and neonate patients. Safety variables as well as the assessment of adverse events (AEs) for Dotarem enhanced MRI were collected.
 

Huijun Vicky Liao¹, Eduardo Jorge Uribe Coello¹, and Alexander P. Lin^1
1Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

For magnetic resonance spectroscopy, automated B₀ shim mode may save scan time in a fast-paced clinical environment but is strongly dependent on performance.  Two shim modes were compared in multiple brain regions at Siemens 3T and 7T.  B₀ maps were used to evaluate the shimming performance of each mode in the left hippocampus region. The results show that advanced shim mode is preferred on 7T (syngo MR VE12) and brain shim mode is preferred on 3T (syngo MR VE11) for brain MRS. However, more sophisticated shimming methods are still suggested for scanning more inhomogeneous regions if time permits.

Yasuo Takatsu^1,2, Rei Yoshida³, Kenichiro Yamamura⁴, Yuya Yamatani⁵, and Tosiaki Miyati^2
1Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan, ²Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, ³Kurihara Central Hospital, Kurihara, Japan, ⁴Osaka Medical College Hospital, Takatsuki, Japan, ⁵Nara Medical University Hospital, Kashihara, Japan

To determine which sequence for routine contrast-enhanced brain MRI (2-dimentional spin echo, 2D SE; and 3-dimentional gradient echo, 3D GRE) exhibits less RF shielding effect of the titanium mesh after cranioplasty, using a phantom in multi vendor. Every vendor had  similar signal attenuation ratio and normalized absolute average deviation (NAAD) in the proximal section of phantom image. With regard to NAAD, there was a significant difference between 2D SE and 3D GRE (P < 0.05). 3D GRE shows less RF shielding effect of a titanium mesh, and it might be appropriate sequence for MRI when a titanium mesh is present.

Yasuo Takatsu^1,2, Hajime Sagawa³, Masafumi Nakamura⁴, Yuichi Suzuki⁵, and Tosiaki Miyati^2
1Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki, Japan, ²Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan, ³Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan, ⁴Otsu City Hospital, Otsu, Japan, ⁵The University of Tokyo Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Japan

We investigated whether our distortion correction method could be applied practically for clinical breast MRI. The cross-correlation coefficients (CCCs) of the whole image and high-intensity regions (HIR) were calculated to assess the correlations between b0 and FS-T2WI images and b1500 and T1CE images. For all these combinations of images, the CCCs showed higher correlations with distortion correction than without the correction. This method could be adapted to any type of breast and HIR. Our method is particularly helpful as there is no additional scan and no extension in the scan time.

Jinglian Zhong¹ and Bingjia Lai^1
1Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

3D T2-FFE sequence based neurography sequence yields images with high resolution, excellent background suppression and that enables detailed imaging of the nerves with excellent quality.Both 3D T2FFE and PROSET sequences can display the morphology of the lumbosacral plexus.  However, compared with PROSET sequences, 3D T2FFE has good T2 effect, good background suppression and higher contrast. 3D T2FFE sequence can visually and clearly show the lumbosacral plexus, which has good clinical application value and is worth promoting.

wang chen^1
1MRI, HuaDong Hospital, Shanghai, China

The value of magnetic resonance diffusion imaging (mri) combined with DTT in disease evaluation of senile cerebral infarction patients was analyzed . To observe and analyze the value of mris combined with DTT in disease evaluation of senile cerebral infarction patients. Compared with the NIHSS score predicts patients disease assessment, through magnetic resonance diffusion imaging and DTT technology evaluation in patients with disease, the accuracy is higher, so the magnetic resonance diffusion imaging joint DTT disease in elderly patients with cerebral infarction assessment has more clinical value.  

Liu ze qun¹ and Sun wen ge^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shen yang, China

To evaluate the clinical application value of the monoexponential model of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI), biexponential and stretched-exponential models of intravoxel incoherent motion(IVIM) in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.Retrospective collect and analyse 30 pancreatic carcinomas proven bu histopathology and/or clinical history.At the same time, 25 cases of normal pancreas were examined. In this study, multiple IVIM parameters have significant difference on the PC diagnosis from NP, and the diagnostic efficiency better than ADC value of DWI; the alpha value from IVIM sequence of the stretched exponential model is the best parameters in differential diagnosis of pancreatic carcinoma from normal tissue.

Yi Cao¹, Yeda Wan², and Binamra Gurung^2
1Radiology, Tianjin hospital, Tian Jin, China, ²Radiology, Tian jin hospital, Tian jin, China

Osteoarthritis is a common chronic disease affecting the joints in older population. Knee pain or stiffness along with other specific knee joint symptoms are common entities found in future sufferers of osteoarthritis. Weight bearing joints such as the knees and hips are heavily affected. T2 mapping is a quantitative MRI technique that enables the quantification of inflammatory changes. However, most existing T2 mapping techniques are also sensitive to changes in the fat content.  To evaluate lateral and medial gastrocnemius muscle in asymptomatic symptomatic individuals and patients with symptoms scheduled for knee replacement using T2 mapping.

Olga Fadeeva Da Costa^1,2,3, Shah Islam^1,3, Melanie Morrison³, Fahdi Kanavati³, Eric Aboagye³, and Adam Waldman^1,4
1Imaging, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom, ²Imperial Health Charity, London, United Kingdom, ³Department of Surgery & Cancer, Cancer Imaging Centre, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom, ⁴Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Glioblastomas (GBMs) are common adult primary brain tumours with high variable prognosis and a therapeutic response and outcome dominated by individual tumour biology. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows assessment of disease status following treatment. Accurate segmentation of GBM is the key for development of novel imaging biomarkers. A total of 35 MRI scans were analysed from patients withbiopsy confirmed GBM. Segmentation reproducibility between the two readers using semi automation was assessed and was found to be borderline. Future work is warranted using fully automated techniques to refine this ongoing work.