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Hippocampal regional vulnerability to damage differs between MS and neuromyelitis optica

Elisabetta Pagani¹, Laura Cacciaguerra^1,2, Gianna C. Riccitelli¹, Marta Radaelli², Massimo Filippi^1,2,3, and Maria A. Rocca^1,2
¹Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, ²Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, ³Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

Hippocampal dentate gyrus hypertrophy was found in multiple sclerosis but not in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders patients, and correlated with measures of hippocampal disconnection, suggesting the role of processes other than inflammation.

Figure 2. Surface distribution of hippocampal atrophy and hypertrophy found in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum (NMO) patients compared to healthy controls (HC). Logarithmic p values for each comparison are color coded and displayed on the average hippocampal shape.

Figure 3. Correlations between regional hippocampal atrophy and MRI measures of inflammation and hippocampal disconnection in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients. T2 lesion volume (LV) and average fractional anisotropy (FA) within fiber bundles are reported. For significant correlations, r values are color coded and displayed on the average hippocampal shape.