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Assessment of Cerebrovascular Disease and White Matter Neurite Density in Alzheimer’s Disease

Grant S Roberts¹, Leonardo A Rivera-Rivera², Kevin M Johnson^1,3, Sterling C Johnson², Douglas C Dean III^1,4, Andrew L Alexander^1,5, Oliver Wieben¹, and Laura B Eisenmenger³
¹Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ²Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ³Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁴Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁵Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States

NODDI and 4D flow MRI demonstrate significant differences in white matter neurite density (NDI) in cognitively normal and Alzheimer’s disease subjects, as well as correlations between cerebral blood flow and NDI in cognitively normal subjects.

Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis showing regions on the white matter skeleton where the null hypothesis is rejected (yellow with red filling; p≤0.05) and accepted (green; p>0.05). The null hypothesis proposes that there exists no positive correlation between neurite density (NDI) and total cerebral blood flow (tCBF) in cognitively normal (CN) subjects. The mean fractional anisotropy image is used as the underlay.

Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis showing regions on the white matter skeleton (at 3 MNI coordinates) where the null hypothesis is rejected (yellow with red filling; p≤0.05) and accepted (green; p>0.05). The null hypothesis proposes that neurite density (NDI) is not greater in cognitively normal (CN) subjects compared to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) subjects. The mean fractional anisotropy image is used as the underlay. Note some areas were erroneously masked after TBSS registration.