Alexandra F Bonthrone1, Ralica Dimitrova1,2, Andrew Chew1, Christopher J Kelly1, Lucilio Cordero-Grande1,3, Olivia Carney1, Alexia Egloff1, Emer Hughes1, Katy Vecchiato1,2, John Simpson4, Joseph V Hajnal1,5, Kuberan Pushparajah4, Suresh Victor1, Chiara Nosarti1,6, Mary A Rutherford1, A. David Edwards1, Jonathan O’Muircheartaigh1,2, and Serena J Counsell1
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department for Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain, 4Paediatric Cardiology Department, Evelina London Children's Healthcare, London, United Kingdom, 5Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
1Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 2Department for Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 3Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain, 4Paediatric Cardiology Department, Evelina London Children's Healthcare, London, United Kingdom, 5Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, 6Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
In toddlers with Congenital Heart Disease, reduced
neonatal cerebral oxygen delivery was indirectly associated with lower
cognitive scores through the mediating effect of impaired bilateral caudate and
thalamus development before surgery.
Figure 2.
Path
diagrams showing the indirect relationship between Cerebral Oxygen Delivery and
Cognitive Composite Score mediated by (A) left thalamus (B) right thalamus (C)
left caudate nucleus (D) right caudate nucleus. Standardised regression
coefficients are reported; numbers in brackets show p-value *p<0.05
**p<0.01. ACME, Average Causal Mediation Effect; IMD, Index of Multiple
Deprivation (a measure of socioeconomic status).
Figure 1. Volumetric brain
development in neonates with CHD. Shaded areas represent ±1,2 and 3 standard
deviations from the normative model mean, separately for female and male
infants. Total Tissue Volume, TTV; Grey Matter, GM; White Matter, WM; Right, R;
Left, L.
