S1 overview. A) T2 hyperintense lesion located at the base of the skull in the temporal lobe. Several pathways with anomalies interdigitate in the vicinity of the lesion. The shaded area (bottom right) shows the mean population profile (bold purple line, shaded area = +/-1 z-score). Although the IFO signal did not extend beyond the shaded area (C, D), the proposed anomaly detection framework identified abnormalities in that region (B, pink areas). Bold orange line: original tract-profiles. Dotted purple line: reconstructed representation learned from the network.

S2 overview. A) The lesion is located anterior to the right primary motor cortex in the supplementary motor area (hyperintense signal on the FLAIR image, hypointense on the RISH map). Tractography show tracts traversing the area (CC4). B) Anomalies were identified in the right CC4, CST, and SLF-I bundles (top right, pink areas). The bold orange line represents the original tract-profiles whereas the dotted purple line represents the reconstructed representation learned from the network. The z-score approach shows less focused anomaly patterns along the tracts (shaded area: +/- 1 Z).