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Human cerebral cortex parcellation using time-fractional order magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF)
Shahrzad Moinian1,2, David Reutens1,2, and Viktor Vegh1,2
1Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia, 2ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
The additional parameters of the extended time-fractional order Bloch equations improve MRF dictionary fitting accuracy. Anomalous relaxation models may be used to derive additional information useful for more accurate parcellation of the cerebral cortex in individuals.  
Figure 3 MRF dictionary matching accuracy between classical monoexponential Bloch equations (left box), Magin et al model (middle box), and extended Bloch equations (right box) in cortical aeras 7A, 7P, 7PC, 5L, 5M, 5Ci, and hIP3 was compared using a) dot product of the actual and best matching MRF signals, and b) mean squared error of MRF residuals. Note that outliers more than three median absolute deviations (MAD) are removed.
Figure 4 Distribution of time-fractional order parameter α values was compared across ten cortical areas of interest; a) areas 2, 4, and 6, b) areas 7A, 7P, 7PC, 5M, 5L, 5Ci, and hIP3.