Evaluating Pilot Tone and self-gating for retrospective cardiac binning in highly accelerated, whole heart 4D flow imaging
Aaron Pruitt1, Yingmin Liu1, Ning Jin2, Peter Speier3, Chong Chen1, Orlando Simonetti1, and Rizwan Ahmad1
1The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States, 2Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Columbus, OH, United States, 3Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
We combine the recently proposed Pilot Tone technology with our previously described highly accelerated fully self-gated whole heart 4D flow framework. We demonstrate good agreement in flow quantification between 4D flow images reconstructed us ECG-, SG-, and PT-based cardiac binning.
Figure 1. Example
ECG, SG, and PT signal traces with corresponding cardiac triggers from a
healthy volunteer (Volunteer 1). A 30 second window is shown for clarity.
Figure 2. Bland-Altman plots comparing net volumetric flow,
Q, quantified from the ECG-, SG-, and PT-binned 4D flow reconstructions with
respect to the 2D-PC reference. Biases and limits-of-agreement (LOAs) were
computed from the aggregate of Aao and MPA measurements. The y-axis is in terms
of milliliters.