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High resolution of 4D flow MRI with joint 4D flow simulation to optimize magnetic resonance navigation of microrobots at the bifurcation.
Cyril Tous1, Ivan Dimov1, Ning Li1, Simon Lessard1, and Gilles Soulez1
1Radiology, Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
Fluid flow in 4mm diameter phantoms can be quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated with 4D flow MRI. 4D flow reveals eddies at the bifurcation that stop microrobots from proceeding downstream.
Figure 3) A microrobot (A, red circle) in the 60 degree bifurcation PVA phantom stuck in an eddie visualized using ink (B, orange arrows) and 4D flow (C) (0.4x0.4mm2 in plane resolution). The eddies were simulated with streamlines (D).
Figure 4) Measurement of the flow velocity according to the resolution of acquisition and the cross section without and with resistance in the branch (B1, left).