Nan Meng¹, Fangfang Fu², Pengyang Feng³, Ziqiang Li⁴, Zhun Huang³, Ting Fang¹, Yaping Wu², Jianmin Yuan⁵, Yang Yang⁶, Hui Liu⁷, and Meiyun Wang*^1
1Department of Medical Imaging, Zhengzhou University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, ²Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, ³Department of Medical Imaging, Henan University People’s Hospital & Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, ⁴Department of Medical Imaging, Xinxiang Medical University Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, ⁵Central Research Institute, UIH Group, Shanghai, China, ⁶Beijing United Imaging Research Institute of Intelligent Imaging, UIH Group, Beijing, China, ⁷UIH America, Houston, TX, United States

¹⁸F-Fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (18F-FDG PET/MRI) allows multimodal quantitative MRI sequences to be scanned in parallel with PET imaging, providing a more multidimensional reflection of lesion information. Our results showed that amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI), and metabolism related parameters can be beneficial for the non-invasive assessment of subtype and EGFR status in patients with lung cancer.

Jie Ding¹, Yishi Wang², Zhen Zhang¹, Xiuzheng Yue², Rongrong Zhu¹, and Ruoshui Ha^1
1Medical Imaging Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Some novel biomarkers has emerged from the fact that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) depends strongly on the diffusion time, such as the rate of ADC change using two diffusion times for the differentiation of breast tumor types and a cell size modeling. In this study, we propose to use Multiband (MB) SENSE to accelerate the data acquisition of OGSE and PGSE sequences and compare the diagnostic value of ADC at different diffusion times for breast tumor. Our data showed superior diagnostic performance between benign and malignant breast lesions using ADC at a short diffusion time.

Yuko Someya¹, Mami Iima^1,2, Hirohiko Imai³, Tomomi Nobashi¹, Akihiko Yoshizawa⁴, Masako Kataoka¹, Hiroyoshi Isoda¹, Denis Le Bihan^5,6,7, and Yuji Nakamoto^1
1Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, ²Institute for advancement of clinical and translational science, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan, ³Department of Systems science, Graduate School of Informatics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, ⁴Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, ⁵NeuroSpin/Joliot, CEA-Saclay Center, Paris-Saclay University, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, ⁶Human Brain Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan, ⁷National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan

Time-dependent IVIM and non-Gaussian diffusion parameters might provide additional information over conventional DWI to evaluate features linked to tissue microstructure. Time-dependent IVIM and non-Gaussian diffusion parameters were evaluated both in-vivo and post-mortem in MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and B16 (melanoma) models. As expected, f_IVIM values significantly dropped from in-vivo to post-mortem conditions with both models at two different diffusion times, confirming the association between f_IVIM and tumor perfusion, but did not reach 0, suggesting limitations in the IVIM/non-Gaussian Kurtosis model. ADCo values significantly decreased at long diffusion times and upon sacrification while Kurtosis moderately increased.

Hanmei Zhang¹, Daguang Wen¹, Jie Chen¹, Yi Wang¹, Yuntian Chen¹, Yige Bao², and Bin Song^1
1Radiology, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, ²Urology, Sichuan University, West China Hospital, Chengdu,Sichuan, China

This prospective study evaluated the performance of 3D magnetic resonance elastography imaging for predicting microvascular invasion(MVI) of T1 staging renal clear cell carcinoma. 80 consecutive patients were enrolled. The mean MRE stiffness value has significant difference between the tumor with MVI (5.4±0.6 Kpa) or without MVI (4.1±0.3 Kpa) (p<0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, AUC of stiffness value to predict MVI were 100%, 75%, 63%, 96%, 0.87, respectively. 3D MRE imaging has promising diagnostic performance for T1 staging renal clear cell carcinoma MVI.

Yunsong Liu¹, Lihua Chen¹, Jiazheng Wang², Liangjie Lin², Zhigang Wu², and Ailian Liu^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

In this study, the ADC value (AQP-ADC) fitted by ultra-high b value diffusion weighted images (UHB-DWI) was used for discrimination between prostate cancer (PCa) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The AQP-ADC value was observed to significantly higher in PCa than in BPH. And AQP-ADC may serve as a potential biomarker for differentiation between benign and malignant prostate lesions.

Lijuan Wan¹, Hongmei Zhang², and Qinglei Shi^3
1Department of Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, ²National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, ³MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers Ltd., Beijing, China

Perineural invasion (PNI) is a strong prognostic indicator in rectal cancer. Timely and accurate assessment of PNI status can assist in making individualized treatment plans. Histogram features can reflect the heterogeneity of tumors with better reproducibility than higher-order texture features. The zoomed DWI can provide a higher-spatial-resolution with fewer artifacts and distortions. We aim to evaluate the ability of histogram parameters derived from zoomed DWI to identify patients with positive PNI. The results demonstrated that histogram parameters could be used for assessing PNI status in RC, and skewness achieved the highest AUC.

Yunsong Liu¹, Ailian Liu¹, Lihua Chen¹, Jiazheng Wang², Liangjie Lin², and Xiaoxiao Zhang^2
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

The differential diagnosis between prostate cancer (PCa) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains challenging due to their overlapping atypical clinical symptoms and MRI features. This study aims to explore the performance of mean kurtosis (MK) based texture features in differentiation between PCa and BPH. Results show that the MK texture features can help distinguish PCa and BPH. The 90Percentile MK value show the best diagnostic performance (AUC: 0.93; sensitivity: 88%; specificity: 100%).

Yuki Kanazawa¹, Masafum Harada¹, Mitsuharu Miyoshi², and Yuki Matsumoto^1
1Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, ²Global MR Applications and Workow, GE Healthcare Japan, Hino, Japan

We evaluated amide- and amine-CEST signal of brain tumors on a 3 Tesla MR scanner with conventional Z-spectrum and MTR_asym analysis. Subjects were eight patients with brain tumor. There were significant differences between mean MTR_asym values at 0.2 and 0.35 ppm offset frequencies (P < 0.05). Our findings was able to evaluate brain tumor characteristics with multi-pool analysis on the positive side of offset frequency on a 3 Tesla MRI scanner.

Se Weon Park^1,2, Joseph H.C Lai¹, Xiongqi Han³, Jianpan Huang¹, Peng Xiao¹, and Kannie W.Y. Chan^1,4,5
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ²Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering (COCHE), Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ³SiBionics, Shenzhen, China, ⁴Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States, ⁵City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China

Glioblastoma is a malignant form of brain tumors, which has a high recurrence even with combined treatments. Here, we developed anti-cancer drugs loaded liposomal hydrogels for sustainable drug release to treat brain tumors locally under MRI guidance. These anti-cancer drugs are CEST-detectable. We observed a continuous decrease in tumor size and CEST contrast at 3.5 and -3.5 ppm compared to control group, where drug-free liposomal hydrogel was injected. The therapeutic efficacy of local drug delivery using liposomal hydrogel was evidenced and can be monitored using CEST multiple-contrast approach. This could serve a robust theranostic application for local brain tumor treatment.

 

Yuhan Gao¹, Qin Wang¹, Lu Zhang¹, Shuang Xia², Jinxia Zhu³, Rober Grimm⁴, Alto Stemmer⁴, Shuo Li¹, Dong Liu¹, Huadan Xue¹, and Zhengyu Jin^1
1Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China, ²Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China, ³Siemens Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany

This study aimed to explore the value of histogram analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps for whole-body tumor load(WBTL) in predicting and evaluating the treatment response based on International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) 2016 consensus criteria in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Histogram analysis of ADC maps extracted eight parameters: mean, median, standard-deviation, entropy, skewness, kurtosis, ADC_5%, and ADC_95%. Seven parameters at baseline were significantly associated with therapy response. Three parameters in treatment percentage change were significantly associated with therapy response. ADC histogram analysis may be considered as an adjunct tool to the MM therapy response evaluation and prediction.

Zecheng Chen¹, Kai Niu², Xinrui Liu¹, Simin Yang³, Yueluan Jiang⁴, Zechen Yu⁵, Hongchao Wang³, Huimao Zhang³, and Chunjie Guo^3
1Neurosurgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ²Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ³Radiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ⁴Siemens Healthineers ., Beijing, China, ⁵Siemens Healthineers Digital Technology., Harbin, China

MRI is a primary imaging method for the evaluation of pituitary adenomas (PAs). However, it is challenging to identify the postoperative residual tumors using traditional techniques. A recent approach Golden-angle Radial Sparse Parallel (GRASP)-DCE, and the novel simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) readout-segmented EPI technique (RESOLVE) procedures were performed to assess the residual tumors of postoperative PAs. And the residual tumors were observed as slow enhancement in GRASP images while manifesting as hyperintense in SMS-RESOLVE images. Thus, both of them are promising techniques for the evaluation of postoperative residual PAs.

Sayo Otani¹, Yasutaka Fushimi¹, Satoshi Nakajima¹, Akihiko Sakata¹, Sachi Okuchi¹, Takuya Hinoda¹, Azusa Sakurama¹, Krishna Pandu Wicaksono¹, Hiroshi Tagawa¹, Yang Wang¹, Satoshi Ikeda¹, and Yuji Nakamoto^1
1Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

PET/MRI shows high accuracy of fused images by simultaneously acquired PET and MR images. We can obtain spatially and temporally consistent information on metabolic and anatomic information from PET/MRI. We evaluated each quantitative value in 12 patients with extra-axial tumor in this study. We manually placed the same regions of interest (ROIs) of the tumor on FDG-PET, CBF map and ADC map, and performed ROI analysis of SUV, TBF (tumor blood flow) and ADC. There were correlations between SUV and TBF, and between SUV and ADC among patients with TBF less than 110 ml/100g/min.

Tao Lin¹, Jiazheng Wang², Zhigang Wu², Lihua Chen ¹, Qingwei Song¹, Renwang Pu¹, Ying Zhao¹, Xue Ren¹, Qihao Xu¹, and Ailian Liu^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) are the most common types of primary liver cancer, which differ greatly in terms of pathogenesis, biological behavior, histological morphology, treatment and prognosis. The accurate diagnosis of HCC and ICC is important for treatment options. In this retrospective study, we revealed that APTw combined with T2 mapping could improve the differential diagnosis of HCC and ICC. Results showed that APTw combined with T2 mapping had higher efficacy (AUC:0.910). Further analysis also implied moderate correlations between APTw and T2 mapping.

Sweet Ping Ng¹, Carlos Cardenas², Houda Bahig³, JiHong Wang⁴, Jason Johnson⁴, Ying Yuan⁴, Amy Moreno⁴, and Clifton Fuller^4
1Austin Health, Heidelberg, Australia, ²University of Birmingham Alabama, Birmingham, AL, United States, ³Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada, ⁴MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States

We evaluated the weekly ADC kinetics of tumour during radiotherapy for head and neck cancer in the PREDICT-HN study. of 41 patients, 36 had intact primary tumours, and 31 patients had nodal disease with 46 nodes assessed. For primary tumours, a steep increase in ADC values from pre-treatment to week 2, and from weeks 5 to post-treatment was observed. For nodes, ADC values increased from pre-treatment to week 4, and then decreased thereafter. A discrepancy in the trajectory of ADC changes between primary and nodal sites suggesting that they exhibit different treatment responses.

Wen Li¹, Saikit Lam¹, Haonan Xiao¹, Tian Li¹, Ge Ren¹, Shaohua Zhi¹, Xinzhi Teng¹, Chenyang Liu¹, Jiang Zhang¹, Francis Kar-ho Lee², Kwok-hung Au², Victor Ho-fun Lee³, Amy Tien Yee Chang⁴, and Jing Cai^1
1The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, HONG KONG, Hong Kong, ²Queen Elizabeth Hospital, HONG KONG, Hong Kong, ³The University of Hong Kong, HONG KONG, Hong Kong, ⁴Hong Kong Sanatorium & Hospital, HONG KONG, Hong Kong

We have developed and validated a MHDgN-Net for gadolinium-free contrast-enhanced MRI (GFCE-MRI) synthesis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The developed MHDgN-Net was featured with high generalizability. We first modelled the MHDgN-Net using three hospital datasets to improve the diversity of training samples. Then, the external hospital data was matched to the distribution of training dataset by EDM. Compared to traditional models, the proposed MHDgN-Net can accurately enhance tumor and significantly improve the quality of GFCE-MRI when applying to external hospital data. This technique holds great potential in providing a generalizable gadolinium-free tumor enhancement alternative on data from other hospitals.