Jinghui Hu¹, Xiaoxiao Wang¹, Weiqiang Dou², Jing Ye¹, and Xianfu Luo^1
1Clinical Medical School of Yangzhou University, Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou, China, Yangzhou City, China, ²GE Healthcare, MR Research China, Beijing, P.R. China, Yangzhou City, China

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI in differentiating benign from malignant biliary obstruction at hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images. The liver enhancement ratio (LER) and the functional liver imaging (FLIS) score of benign and malignant biliary obstruction were significantly different. With these findings, Gd-EOB-DTPA enhanced MRI at HBP may be considered with an added clinical value in differentiating benign from malignant biliary obstruction.

Liyun Zheng^1,2, Lifang Wu³, Chun Yang³, Ruofan Sheng³, Yongming Dai², and Mengsu Zeng^1,3
1Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, China, ²United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China, ³Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a well-known major prognostic factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Unlike macrovascular invasion, which can be easily identified via imaging before treatment, microvascular invasion (MVI) is visible only at microscopy. This study developed a new method for the noninvasive interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) measurement in HCC patients. Our results revealed that MVI status can be predicted by this IFP model preoperatively,

Xuan Jin¹, Xinming Li¹, Qiying Ke¹, Tianyuan Zhang¹, Jing Li¹, Bingbing Bai¹, Xianyue Quan¹, and Chen Zhao^2
1Department of Radiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, Guangzhou, China

Diagnosing and staging liver fibrosis arouse worldwide concern, and the value of susceptibility-weighted Imaging (SWI) score combined with serum indexes in staging liver fibrosis is controversial. The objective of this study was to assess if SWI score combined with serum indexes could increase the accuracy of staging liver fibrosis. With the help of multivariate ordered logistic regression model, SWI score and serum indexes showed significant correlations with stages of liver fibrosis.

Lingjie Yang¹, Xiaohui Duan¹, Mengzhu Wang², Wei Jiang¹, Yu Wang¹, Huijun Hu¹, Weike Zeng¹, and Jun Shen^1
1Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China, ²MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Guangzhou, China

To evaluate the image quality between two sequences (GRASP vs. CDT-VIBE), as well as two kinds of contrast agents (Gd-EOB-DTPA vs. gadobutrol) in liver DCE-MRI. The qualitative and quantitative evaluations regarding of the image quality, and the detection rates of lesions among four groups were analyzed and compared. The results showed that MR images with GRASP sequence had significantly better image quality and less artifacts than that with CDT-VIBE sequence especially in arterial phase, and MR images with injection of gadobutrol could improve the hepatic vessel clarity and reduce motion artifacts compared with that of Gd-EOB-DTPA in CDT-VIBE sequence.

Mayumi Higashi¹, Masahiro Tanabe¹, and Katsuyoshi Ito^1
1Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan

We evaluated the changes in the bile flow dynamics in patients with cholelithiasis using cine-dynamic MRCP with a spatially selective IR pulse. The frequency and mean secretion grade of the antegrade bile flow were significantly increased in the gallstone group than in the non-gallstone group, while no significant differences in the frequency and mean secretion grade of the reverse bile flow were found between the two groups. Cine-dynamic MRCP with a spatially selective IR pulse can visualize the changes in the bile flow dynamics in patients with gallstones noninvasively.

Min-xiong Zhou¹, Zheng Qu², Yun Liu³, Haodong Zhong³, Yang Song⁴, Guang Yang³, Jianqi Li³, and Xu Yan^4
1Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, China, ²West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, ³Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China, ⁴MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Shanghai, China

For automatic abdomen quantification, a rapid and simultaneous multi-parameter mapping method was evaluated, which could acquire quantitative R1, R2* and PDFF indices within 3-4 breath-holds. By adopting automatic organ segmentation, it could directly generate MR quantitative information for liver, kidney and spleen, which could be potentially used for liver pathology evaluation. The result showed that the multi-parameter sequence could generate high-quality R1, R2* and PDFF maps, with well B1 field correction and fat signal separation.  

Qike Song¹ and Yu Shi^1
1radiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang,, China

To determine the feasibility of multi-frequency MRE for assessing pancreatic stiffness in healthy volunteers and patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC).A total of 40 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with PDAC were prospectively recruited between March 2020 and October 2021.Each volunteer and patient underwent 3.0-T pancreatic MRE at frequencies of 30Hz, 40Hz, 60Hz, 80Hz and 100Hz.Shear stiffness of healthy pancreas and PDAC, pancreatic width and volume, waist circumference, and wave distance were measured. Image quality assessment was performed according to image quality score (IQS: 1~4，≥3 considered qualified).

Xue Ren¹, Jiazheng Wang², Liangjie Lin², Zhigang Wu², Qingwei Song¹, Renwang Pu¹, Lihua Chen¹, Ying Zhao¹, Tao Lin¹, Qihao Xu¹, and Ailian Liu^1
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic metastasis (HM) are associated with distinct treatment and prognosis, while the differential diagnosis of HCC and HM still remains challenging. This study aims to explore the value of mDIXON quant and IVIM imaging in the differential diagnosis of HCC and HM. Results shown that the combination of R2*and IVIM measurements may offer a good biomarker for differential diagnosis of HCC and HM.

Hui Zhang¹, Chengyan Wang², Peng Wu³, Huazheng Shi⁴, Weibo Chen³, and He Wang^1
1Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, ²Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, ⁴Shanghai Universal cloud imaging dignostic center, Shanghai, China

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a widely used tool for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, clinical routine liver DWI suffers from poor spatial resolution, severe geometry distortion, and image blurring since single-shot (SSH) echo-planar imaging (EPI) is used. Here we proposed an efficient solution for clinical high-resolution whole-liver DWI. The efficacy and generalization capability of the method were validated on healthy volunteers and HCC patients.

Wang Nan¹, Qingwei Song¹, Jiazheng Wang², Peng Sun², Lihua Chen¹, and Ailian Liu^1
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Evaluation of liver reserve function is crucial for patients with cirrhosis and is helpful for the determination of the surgical plan formulation, the evaluation of treatment process and prognosis, and the operation of cirrhosis. However, there is still lacking a clinically useable non-invasive technique to measure the abnormality of liver function. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential correlation between T₁/T₂ relaxation time and liver function indexes in patients with cirrhosis using MR T₁/T₂ mapping. We found that there was a moderate correlation between T₁/T₂ relaxation time and liver function assay indexes in liver cirrhosis.

Huanhuan Wei¹, Fangfang Fu², Yaping Wu², Yan Bai², Nan Meng¹, Wei Wei², Kewei Liu³, Xianchang Zhang⁴, and Meiyun Wang^2
1Academy of Medical Sciences, the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, ²Department of Medical Imaging, Henan Provincial People's Hospital & the People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, ³The First People's Hospital of Zhoukou, Zhoukou, China, ⁴MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Beijing, China

Invasive pathological puncture biopsy is the diagnostic standard for liver fibrosis (LF), but it has certain risks and low repeatability. A non-invasive and reliable method is essential for early detecting and staging of LF. To this end, this study explored the feasibility of using radiomics approach based on easy access T1-weighted and T2-weighted fat saturation magnetic resonance imaging data to stage the liver fibrosis and inflammatory activity. The receiver operating curves analysis demonstrated that the trained radiomic models could effectively stage the LF and inflammatory activity with a high efficacy.

Shaopeng Li¹, Kexue Deng¹, and Peng Wang^2
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Southern District of Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China, ²Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Southern District of Anhui Provincial Hospital, hefei, China

During the evolution of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) from high differentiation to low differentiation, the number of tumor cells increased and arranged more closely, the limited diffusion of water molecules was more obvious. Meanwhile, the iron and fat content in the lesions decreased gradually. The ADC、D values derived from IVIM-DWI and FF、R2* values derived from IDEAL-IQ can accurately reflect the diffusion limitation and the changes of fat and iron content in HCC, so as to accurately evaluate the pathological grade of HCC.

caixin Qiu¹, shuangshuang xie¹, yajie Sun², yongquan Yu³, xuyang Wang², jinxia Zhu⁴, Grimm Robert⁵, and wen Shen^2
1Radiology Department, Tianjin First Center Hospital, TIANJIN, China, ²Tianjin First Center Hospital, TIANJIN, China, ³Weihai Central Hospital, SHAN DONG, China, ⁴MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthcare Ltd., BEIJING, China, ⁵MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany

Different diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) models were used to evaluate microscopic changes of residual liver in rats after standard partial hepatectomy (70%PH). Multiple b-value DWI at multiple timepoints after 70%PH were acquired, and the data was analyzed using three diffusion models: conventional monoexponential DWI, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) models. Compared with the monoexponential model of DWI, IVIM and DKI models can describe the changes of blood supply in the process of liver regeneration and provide added value in evaluating the microstructure of liver regeneration after standard partial hepatectomy.

Wan Dong¹, Anliang Chen¹, Yuhui Liu², Qingwei Song², Lizhi Xie³, and Ailian Liu^2
1Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ³GE Healthcare, MR Research, Beijing, China

Vascular invasion has been proved to be closely related to the poor prognosis of rectal cancer. The current gold standard for the diagnosis of rectal cancer vascular tumor thrombus is postoperative pathology. MRI is a common technology in evaluating malignant tumor. In this work, we explored the feasibility of DCE-MRI in quantitatively predicting vascular invasion of rectal cancer. Results showed that the Ktrans and Kep can differentiate the vascular invasion from normal status accurately. Therefore, DCE-MRI may serve as a feasible and non-invasive way in predicting vascular invasion of rectal cancer preoperatively, that is of great significance for clinical diagnosis.

Akihiko Kanki¹, Kazuya Yasokawa¹, Hidemitsu Sotozono¹, Kiyoka Maeba¹, Atsushi Higaki¹, Akira Yamamoto¹, and Tsutomu Tamada^1
1Radiology, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan

We evaluated relationships between age and shifted apparent diffusion coefficient, proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and pancreas size using 3-T MRI. PDFF increased with age, and anterior-posterior diameters decreased with age. Interestingly, elasticity of the pancreas decreased with age. Based on these results, decreases in the size of the pancreatic parenchyma with age appear attributable to not only fibrosis, but also fatty degeneration, resulting in decreased elasticity. Fat content should be evaluated at the same time as fibrosis of the pancreatic parenchyma.

Yoshifumi Noda¹, Nobuyuki Kawai¹, Avinash R. Kambadakone², Tetsuro Kaga¹, Takuma Ishihara³, Fuminori Hyodo⁴, Hiroki Kato¹, and Masayuki Matsuo^1
1Department of Radiology, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, ²Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, ³Innovative and Clinical Research Promotion Center, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan, ⁴Department of Radiology, Frontier Science for Imaging, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan

MRI is used as a problem-solving tool when contrast-enhanced CT is not available for assessing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of vascular involvement and resectability on MRI and compared them with pancreatic protocol CT. Our results showed that no statistical difference in terms of the detection of vascular involvement and the resectability classification based on the NCCN guideline between CT and MRI.

Daisuke Morimoto-Ishikawa^1,2, Tomoko Hyodo³, Yoriaka Komeda⁴, Hiroyuki Fukushima¹, Yu Ueda⁵, Keizou Miyagoshi¹, Shigeyoshi Saito², and Kazunari Ishii^3
1Radiology Center, Kindai University Hospital, Osakasayama City, Japan, ²Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita City, Japan, ³Department of Radiology, Kindai University, Osakasayama City, Japan, ⁴Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University, Osakasayama City, Japan, ⁵Philips Japan, Tokyo, Japan

We investigated the usefulness of native T1 mapping using a modified look-locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) sequence, which can be used to evaluate Crohn's disease (CD). The nativeT1 value was measured by setting an ROI on the intestinal wall of the nativeT1 map containing the short-axis image of the intestine. Simple endoscopic activity score in CD (SES-CD) was used as the reference standard for evaluating CD activity. A strong correlation was found between native T1 value and the SES-CD (r = 0.83; p = 0.001).

Yidi Chen^1,2, Liling long³, Bin Song¹, and Huiting Zhang^4
1Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, ²Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, China, ³Radiology, Guangxi Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Nanning, China, ⁴MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Wuhan, China

This study demonstrated morphological characteristics of MRI can hardly diagnose the expression of E-cadherin and Vimentin in rectal cancer. ADC value (Ultra-high b-Value) was positively and negatively correlated with E-cadherin and Vimentin expression. Ktrans and Kep values were negatively and positively correlated with E-cadherin and Vimentin expression. ADC, Ktrans and Kep values had significant diagnostic efficiencies for low E-cadherin and high Vimentin expression. Radiomics signatures with machine learning have excellent diagnostic efficacy for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression, building the model which combined MRI quantitative parameters and radiomics features will improve the predictive performance for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression.