Mayumi Takeuchi¹, Kenji Matsuzaki², Yoshimi Bando³, and Masafumi Harada^1
1Department of Radiology, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan, ²Department of Radiological Technology, Tokushima Bunri University, Sanuki-city, Japan, ³Division of Pathology, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan

DCE-MRI of endometrial cancer including 41 low-grade type I cancers without squamous differentiation (LG) and 39 with squamous differentiation (LG_w/SD), and 20 high-grade type II cancers (HG) was retrospectively evaluated. Significant difference in the time-intensity curves was found between LG and HG, and LG and LG_w/SD, whereas no significant difference was seen between HG and LG_w/SD. Curve type 3 (initial signal rise which is steeper than that of the myometrium) was more frequent in HG (60%) and LG_w/SD (77%) than in LG (34%). It should be recognized as a pitfall that HG and LG_w/SD may show similar early strong enhancement.

Fang Wang¹, Ying Liu ¹, Chen Zhang², and Zhaoxiang Ye^1
1Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China, ²MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Beijing, China

The incidence of Endometrial Carcinoma (EC) has occupied the first place among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. This study aims to explore the reliability of different b-values of IVIM-MRI in evaluating the myometrial invasion of endometrial cancer using advanced ZOOMit technique. The results showed that group A was the highest, group B was the second, and group C was the lowest in evaluating consistency and repeatability of D value, D* value and fp value. It indicated diagnostic is related to b values combinations of IVIM imaging for EC.

Qiao Li¹, Xiance Zhao², and Peng Wu^2
1Radiology, Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital,Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China

Low variance (LOVA) ADC technique could compensate for gradient linearity errors, delivering consistent ADC values with high accuracy in large FOV. This work aims to investigate if gradient nonlinearity bias can be corrected in evaluating the ADC values of kidney using LOVA ADC technique. Our results verified that the corrective effect exists in both health volunteers and patients with common kidney diseases. With the corrected ADC, we could better estimate the unbiased difference between marginal lesions and central lesions, to better predict biological behavior of tissues and provide useful information for diagnosis and treatment.

Huihui Wang¹ and Jianxing Qiu^1
1Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China

This study was aimed to investigate the image quality and signal intensity (SI) of reduced field-of-view (r-FOV) DWI in patients with cervical cancer in comparison with full FOV (f-FOV) DWI. The subjective image quality, quantitative tumor conspicuity and quantitative normal tissue contrast were better for the r-FOV DWI images than for f-FOV DWI. The tumour diameters measured from the r-FOV DWI images experienced less bias than those from the f-FOV DWI. Those suggest that r-FOV DWI improving diagnostic value in cervical cancer than f-FOV DWI.

Xiaobao Wei¹, Runyue Hu², Xiaoli Zhou², Dongqing Zha¹, Haibo Xu², Xiaoyan Wu¹, and Weiyin Liu^3
1Nephrology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, ²Radiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, ³GE Healthcare, Beijing, China

Renal damage varies in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Our study aims to determine the patterns of renal oxygenation changes and microstructural changes by blood oxygenation level-dependent magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging magnetic resonance imaging (DTI-MRI) with the deteriorating kidney function.

Zhenming Zhang¹, Naiming Xue², Yueluan Jiang³, Lulu Guo², Mengchao Zhang², Bo Gao⁴, Shishun Zhao⁵, Lin Liu², and Thomas Benkert^6
1China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ²Radiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ³MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers, Beijing, China, ⁴Jilin Metering Center, State Grid Corporation of China, Changchun, China, ⁵College of Mathematics of Jilin University, Changchun, China, ⁶MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany

The value of non-parallel-transmission zoom-diffusion weighted imaging (non-PTX zoom-DWI) compared with conventional DWI in the diagnosis of bladder cancer muscular invasion is investigated. Results show that non-PTX zoom-DWI improves sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy. Additionally, it has good diagnostic consistency across different readers, and shows better display of bladder than conventional DWI sequence. Non-PTX zoom-DWI may be superior to conventional DWI in predicting the muscular invasion in bladder cancer.

Alice Hatt¹, Robert Lloyd^1,2, Bart Bolsterlee^1,3, and Lynne E. Bilston^1,4
1NeuRA, Sydney, Australia, ²School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia, ³Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, 2052, Australia, ⁴Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

To accurately map the large deformation properties of soft tissues, accurate, in-vivo measurements of internal strain are essential. In this study, the Right Cauchy Green strain of adipose tissue was calculated from displacements generated through the non-rigid registration of mDIXON images under increasing compression. The method was validated by synthetically deforming an uncompressed image with compression. Five real-world datasets were acquired of adipose tissue under increasing compression, which resulted in significant increases in the maximum principal strain (one-way ANOVA, p<0.001). The described method provides an accurate quantification of physiological strains in adipose tissue that is essential for mapping strain-varying viscoelasticity.
 

Xiaobo Ding¹, Xiang Qiu¹, Zhuo Wang¹, Ying Qiu¹, Xu Zhang¹, Yi Zhu², and Ke Jiang^2
1Radiology department, First Hospital of JiLin University, ChangChun, China, ²Philips Healthcare, BeiJing, China

Image quality of T2WI suffers from long scanning time. Compressed SENSE (C-SENSE) allow for Shorter scanning time and Ensuring good image quality，Image quality can be further optimized with CSAI . A total of 20 patients with prostate cancer (PC) underwent MRI including T2WI with SENSE-2（S2）and SENSE-4 （S4）、CS4  and CSAI4. SNR was significantly higher in CSAI4 than CS4 and S4. In comparison CNR between of S4、CS4 and CSAI4 of clinically insignificant PC, only CSAI4 had significant difference. CSAI4 improves the image quality and may contribute to increased diagnostic performance of tumor and clinicians’ confidence in the detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer. 

Xiwei Li¹, Lihua Chen¹, Qingwei Song¹, Peng Sun², and Ailian Liu^1
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

         DWI plays an important role in the diagnosis of prostate cancer by detecting water molecules diffusion noninvasively, which reflects the microstructure of tumor tissue. However, only DWI might be limited by low sensitivity and specificity. T2 mapping imaging is a quantitative imaging technology to map the transverse relaxation time of tissues with good repeatability and stability. T2 mapping is also sensitive to tissue components (such as edema, fibrosis) without a contrast agent. This study aims to differentiate prostate cancers from hyperplasia by combining DWI and T2 mapping.

Hao Cheng¹, Jinxia Zhu², Marcel Dominik Nickel³, Ming Liu⁴, Chunmei Li¹, and Min Chen^1
1Department of Radiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China, ²MR Collaboration, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Beijing, China, ³MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, ⁴Department of Urology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China

The purpose of this research is to explore the clinical performance of T2-weighted imaging with deep learning reconstruction (DL-T2WI) for prostate imaging. We compared DL-T2WI and conventional T2WI using TSE (C-T2WI) in terms of image quality, ghosting and tumor conspicuity. The results showed that compared with C-T2WI, DL-T2WI has comparable image quality, ghosting, and tumor conspicuity. The acquisition time of the complete examination using DL-T2WI is 9 minutes shorter than C-T2WI per patient, which suggests that DL-T2WI could replace C-T2WI in clinical settings, with a significantly shorter examination time.

Shujian Li¹, Jie Liu¹, Marcel Dominik Nickel², Jingliang Cheng¹, and Jinxia Zhu^3
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China, ²Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany, ³Siemens Healthcare Ltd, Beijing, China

  This study investigated the feasibility of extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measurement using T1 mapping to evaluate histological grade, lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) status, perineural invasion (PNI) status, and Ki-67 proliferation index (PI) of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC), and to compare T1 mapping with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Results showed that T1 mapping-derived parameters (ΔT1, ECV) can effectively grade and predict CSCC LVSI status, PNI status, and Ki-67 PI, and ADC values can stratify CSCC grading. ECV may represent an effective quantitative imaging biomarker indicating the poor-prognosis histological features of CSCC and may provide incremental diagnostic value beyond qualitative MRI features. 

Dharmesh Singh¹, Virendra Kumar², Chandan J Das³, Anup Singh^1,4, and Amit Mehndiratta^1,4
1Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi, New Delhi, India, ²Department of NMR, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Delhi, New Delhi, India, ³Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Delhi, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India, ⁴Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Delhi, New Delhi, India, New Delhi, India

Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADS v2.1) was developed to standardize the interpretation of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) for prostate cancer (PCa) detection. However, a significant inter-reader variability among radiologists has been found in the PI-RADS assessment. An automated or semi-automated PI-RADS assessment system could be beneficial in the screening process of PCa and could improve the consistency of scoring. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an in-house developed semi-automatic framework for PI-RADS assessment using machine learning classifiers.

Jie Ding¹, Zhen Zhang¹, Rui Wang ¹, Xiuzheng Yue², Rongrong Zhu¹, and Ruoshui Ha^1
1Medical Imaging Center, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer to become the world's largest cancer for the first time, and the cancer mortality rate ranks second, showing a younger trend in recent years. APTw imaging, as a noninvasive molecular imaging technique, can measure the concentration of free proteins and polypeptides in tissues without the use of exogenous contrast agents, based on a chemical exchange between amide protons and water protons. The aim of study was to explore the diagnostic efficacy for benign and malignant breast tumor by using synthetic MRI.

Xiaohang Liu¹, Zhangzhe Chen¹, Weijie Gu¹, Bingni Zhou¹, Wei Liu¹, Hualei Gan¹, Yong Zhang², and Liangping Zhou^1
1Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, ²GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China

The purpose of this study was to use the radiomics method to differentiate prostate cancer and benign peripheral zone (PZ) tissues and investigate its ability to detect significant residual prostate cancer based on whole-mount pathology.  The mean ADC of significant residual lesions was significantly lower than that of CR/MRD, which was significantly lower than that of benign tissues. The efficiency of the radiomics models was similar to that of ADC in distinguishing CR/MRD from benign tissue and distinguishing residual from benign tissue. The radiomics models showed superior efficiency in differentiating significant residual from CR/MRD as compared to ADC.