Thierry L. Lefebvre^1,2, Yoshiko Ueno^3,4, Anthony Dohan^5,6, Avishek Chatterjee^1,7, Martin Vallières^1,8, Eric Winter-Reinhold⁹, Sameh Saif³, Ives R. Levesque^1,10, Xing Ziggy Zeng¹¹, Reza Forghani^3,9, Jan Seuntjens¹, Philippe Soyer^5,6, Peter Savadjiev^3,12, and Caroline Reinhold^3,9
1Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, ²Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, ³Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada, ⁴Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan, ⁵Department of Radiology, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP.Centre, Paris, France, ⁶Faculté de Médecine, Université de Paris, Paris, France, ⁷Department of Precision Medicine, GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands, ⁸Department of Computer Science, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, ⁹Augmented Intelligence & Precision Health Laboratory, Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, ¹⁰Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, ¹¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada, ¹²School of Computer Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada

Radiomics analysis on standard MRI prior to surgery holds potential to help identifying high-risk histopathological features of endometrial carcinoma, including FIGO stage, deep myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion and tumor grade, thus supporting preoperative risk stratification for optimal patient management. This dual-center retrospective study evaluated the role of radiomics to assess high-risk phenotypes of endometrial cancer in women who underwent 1.5-T MRI before hysterectomy. Radiomics-based machine learning models provided consistent clinically acceptable performance for differentiating early from advanced FIGO stage endometrial carcinoma and for differentiating low- from high-risk histopathological markers in two independent datasets from different institutions on preoperative MRI.

Changjun Ma¹, Shifeng Tian², Lihua Chen², Nan Wang², Qingwei Song², Xiaoxiao Zhang³, and Ailian Liu^2
1Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian,China, China, ²Department of Radiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, Beijing, China

Overexpression in malignant tumors such as ovarian cancer, endometrial carcinoma (EC), etc., can cause abnormal cell proliferation and lead to malignant transformation and is related to tumor angiogenesis and tumor metastasis. This study revealed that amide proton transfer weighted (APTw) and mDIXON-Quant would be useful to evaluate the expression of Her-2 gene in EC.

Talia Harris¹, Michal Neeman², and Lucio Frydman^3
1Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, ²3Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel, ³Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel

We demonstrate that with the high signal to noise and sensitivity to oxygenation at 15.2 T we can visualize the transport of oxygen across the murine placenta with temporal resolution of 20s. Changes in the R2* of the placenta and embryo heart, observed upon switching from 100% O2 to 10% and switching back to 100% O2, exhibit different dynamic behavior than the maternal blood vessels, specifically a delayed response compared to the maternal blood vessels and a much slower response when switching from 10% O2 to 100% O2.

Ruiming Chen¹, Sean B. Fain^1,2, Ronald R. Magness³, Kathleen M. Antony^4,5,6, J. Igor Iruretagoyena⁴, Ian M. Bird⁴, Dinesh M. Shah⁴, Oliver Wieben^1,2,7, and Kevin M. Johnson^1,7
1Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ²Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ³Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States, ⁴Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁵Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁶Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States, ⁷Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, United States

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) has been associated with insufficient development of utero-placental vasculature, which could be identified using maternal placental blood volume measurements. This preliminary study uses ferumoxytol-enhanced MRI to measure placental blood volume of three FGR subjects using variable flip angle T1-mapping. Mean values of maternal fractional, placental, and total blood volumes are reported, as well as changes in placental R1 values between two time points after contrast injection. We observe local placental heterogeneities, including regions with low factional blood volume in the subjects. 

Paddy J. Slator¹, Jana Hutter^2,3, Laurence H. Jackson^2,3, Alison Ho⁴, Lisa Story⁴, Lucy C. Chappell⁴, Mary Rutherford², Joseph V. Hajnal^2,3, and Daniel C. Alexander^1
1Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, ²Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, ³Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom, ⁴Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom

We quantify placental structure and function over gestation with combined diffusion-relaxometry MRI. We apply a simultaneous T2*-diffusion acquisition protocol to a cohort of 65 pregnant participants, and hence estimate T2* and ADC maps, T2*-ADC spectra, and map T2*-ADC spectrum components with a data-driven technique, InSpect. We show InSpect is more sensitive to placental maturation than separate T2* and ADC mapping alone.

Tal Shnitzer¹, S. Mazdak Abulnaga¹, Carolina Bibbo², P. Ellen Grant³, Polina Golland¹, Justin Solomon¹, and Esra Abaci Turk^3
1Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, ²Maternal and Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States, ³Fetal-Neonatal Neuroiaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States

We propose an automatic segmentation method for delineating  functional regions of the placenta responsible for each twin in Mo-Di placentae. The study of differences in MRI biomarkers between identical twins promises to elucidate placental function and fetal development. We combine temporal information from BOLD MRI time series and spatial information from the umbilical cord insertion in a flattened placenta representation. We demonstrate alignment of the automatic segmentation results with expert manual delineations and subsequent agreement of dynamic MRI signals in the identified regions with those derived from expert segmentations. Our method enables automatic localized analysis of the placenta.

Kiarash Ghassaban^1,2, Cong Sun³, Guangbin Wang^3,4, and Ewart Mark Haacke^1,2
1Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, United States, ²SpinTech Inc., Bingham Farms, MI, United States, ³Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China, ⁴Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China

In vivo fetal vertebral calcium content was quantified using local quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) collected as part of a STAGE double flip angle (FA) protocol. A strong decreasing average vertebral susceptibility as a function of gestational age was seen in 54 normal fetuses including 37 cases with QSM data available at both FA’s and 17 cases with QSM at one FA totaling 91 independent datasets. An almost one-to-one linear correlation was seen between the QSM values from both FA’s. These results provide strong evidence of an in vivo MR-based quantitative technique to measure calcium development pre-term.