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Anna Lavrova¹, Ananya Panda², Sarah E. Wido³, Lee Ponsky³, Maria Masotti⁴, Thomas Chenevert¹, Yun Jiang¹, Leonardo Kayat Bittencourt⁵, Anupama Ramachandran¹, Katherine Wright¹, Nicole Seiberlich¹, Hero Hussain¹, and Vikas Gulani^1
1Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, ²Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, All Indi Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India, ³Department of Urology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States, ⁴Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, ⁵Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States

Keywords: Prostate, Cancer

The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of the use of MR Fingerprinting combined with ADC mapping for characterizing prostate transition zone (TZ) cancers. This quantitative approach has shown promising results in differentiating prostate cancer from normal prostate tissue in peripheral and transition zones, and in separating low from intermediate/high grade tumors in the PZ. Our study aimed to confirm previous observations of quantitative differences in T1, T2 and ADC between cancers and normal appearing TZ, and to assess the utility of MRF-derived T1 and T2 mapping in distinguishing low grade lesions from high/intermediate-grade cancers in TZ.

Bingni Zhou ^1,2, Zhangzhe Chen^1,2, Rucuan Chen^1,2, Wei Liu^1,2, Hualei Gan^2,3, Yong Zhang⁴, Liangping Zhou^1,2, and Xiaohang Liu^1,2
1Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, ²Oncology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, ³Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China, ⁴GE Healthcare, Shanghai, China

Keywords: Prostate, Radiomics

This is a preliminary study which combined bi-parametric MRI with radiomics feature to detect sparse and dense prostate cancers. Fifty-five patients underwent diffusion weighted and T2 weighted imaging. One hundred and nine peripheral zone (PZ) tumors were reviewed using whole-mount histologic findings. The total number of 381 radiomics features were extracted to construct the models for differentiation. Dense tumors showed ADC values significantly lower than sparse tumors and normal PZ tissues. ADC alone should provide sufficient diagnosis efficiency. However, radiomics features can significantly improve the detection of sparse tumors which showed the similar ADC values as compared to normal tissues.

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Ting Huang¹, Zhiqiang Chen², Shaoru Zhang¹, Zhuo Wang¹, Xiaohua Chen¹, Yunshu Zhou¹, Xiaocheng Wei³, and Aijun Wang^4
1Clinical medicine school of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China, ²Department of Radiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China, ³GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China

Keywords: Prostate, DSC & DCE Perfusion

In this study, we aim to investigate whether DCE-MRI-based radiomics can be used in the prognosis of prostate cancer. Rad-score in which DEC-MRI-based radiomics labels were established by screening radiomics features GLCM_Correlation and shape_Flatness through Lasso regression was significantly different between the death group and the censor group. It was concluded that DCE-MRI-based radiomics can be used as prognostic factors for prostate cancer.

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Josephine L Tan^1,2,3, Vibhuti Kalia^4,5, Jonathan D Thiessen^1,2, Timothy J Scholl^1,3,6, and Alireza Akbari^1
1Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, ON, Canada, ²Lawson Imaging, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, ³Robarts Research Institute, London, ON, Canada, ⁴Medical Imaging, Western University, London, ON, Canada, ⁵Medical Imaging, St. Joseph's Health Care, London, ON, Canada, ⁶Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada

Keywords: Prostate, Cancer

This abstract focuses on the development of an external, non-invasive butterfly coil for sodium MRI of human prostate cancer. Sodium MRI of healthy male volunteers and patients revealed higher sodium signal and ADC in the peripheral zone compared to the transition zone of the prostate, and a lower sodium signal and ADC in tumour lesions relative to healthy tissue. Further work will aim to characterize the sensitivity of this coil to detect tumours, which may enhance the workflow of sodium MRI in prostate cancer studies compared to conventional endorectal coils.

Zhiheng Zhao¹, Yingyu Che¹, Jing Zhang¹, Yue Wu¹, Zitao Yang¹, Qinyong Zhang¹, Qingwei Wang¹, Yifeng Sheng¹, Ruilin Fan¹, and Jingliang Cheng^1
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion Tensor Imaging, Radical prostatectomy; Urethral sphincters complex; Urinary incontinence

The anatomical-morphological and functional characteristics of the urethral sphincter complex, a key structure in the mechanism of urinary continence, have been studied mostly based on cadaveric dissection or animal experiments. In this study,we qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated the morphology and function of the urethral sphincter complex in patients after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) using pelvic floor MRI combined with DTI and fiber tractography, and to investigate the anatomical factors affecting PPI.

Jun Tian¹, Dmytro Pylypenko², and Haige Li^1
12nd Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China, ²MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Prostate, Prostate

This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of synthetic MRI in distinguishing PCa from benign hyperplasia, and quantitative relaxation was compared with conventional MRI  to evaluate the precision of obtained values with synthetic MRI. 38 patients (54 lesions) with cancer and/or hyperplasia were recruited. Quantitative MRI sequences, including T1, T2 mapping and MAGIC, were used. Significantly different T1 and T2 values were shown between cancer and noncancerous tissue, located in peripheral and center zones, as well as between cancer and glandular hyperplasia and stromal hyperplasia. These findings suggest synthetic-MRI may be effective in differentiating PCa from benign hyperplasia.

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Aritrick Chatterjee^1,2, Audrey Kim¹, Batuhan Gundogdu^1,2, Milica Medved^1,2, Tatjana Antic¹, Gregory Karczmar^1,2, and Aytekin Oto^1,2
1University of Chicago, CHICAGO, IL, United States, ²Sanford J. Grossman Center of Excellence in Prostate Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, Chicago, IL, United States

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques

This study compared the effect of echo times on the detection of prostate cancer on DWI at high b-value and ADC maps. Contrast between benign tissue and cancer increased significantly with higher TE on ADC maps. However, due to increased noise at higher TEs, CNR (study endpoint) was highest at TE 57 ms; higher by 23, 26, 33% than that at TE 70, 150 and 200 ms on ADC maps. CNR, contrast ratio AND auc are higher at lower TE on DWI high-b image. Therefore, the use of lower echo times for DWI and ADC mapping may improve prostate cancer.

Jianghong Man¹, Lina Wang¹, Tao Yu¹, Yi Zhu², and Zhiwei Shen^2
1Liaoning Cancer Hospital&Institute, Shenyang, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Prostate, Cancer, APT, Gleason score

Amide proton transfer (APT) imaging is a novel nonintrusive technique for the diagnosis of PCa. In this study, we evaluate the distinction between APT value for prostate cancer and benign region in different Gleason scores. The result shows that APT is a potential tool for evaluating the risk of prostate cancer.

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Xiaomeng Qiao¹, Jie Bao¹, Yang Song², Yunzhu Wu², and Ximing Wang^1
1Department of radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China, ²MR Scientific Marketing, Siemens Healthineers Ltd, Shanghai, China

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques, Zoomit DWI; Resolve DWI;

Radiomics models based on ZOOMit DWI had better accuracy in the diagnosis of PCa and csPCa compared with those based on RESOLVE DWI technology, and was promising as a powerful non-invasive auxiliary tool to improve the diagnostic performance of PI-RADS of radiologists with different clinical experience.

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Wanting Gan¹, Shuang Meng¹, Lihua Chen¹, Nan Wang¹, Yunsong Liu¹, and Ailian Liu^1
1the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques

Positive surgical margins (PSMs) mean incomplete tumor excision which related with prostate cancer-specific mortality and may lead to additional treatments. As a new technique, Intravoxel incoherent motion can simultaneously demonstrate information about diffusion and perfusion. The result of this study indicate the combination of ADC, D, PPC and TAF11 can be used as a potential method in PSMs of radical prostatectomy.

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Aiqi Chen¹, Xiang Li¹, Jingxu Xu², Xiuzheng Yue³, Shoukang Chen¹, and Yichuan Ma^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China, ²Beijing Deepwise & League, Beijing, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Prostate, Prostate

It’s still a challenge to accurately diagnose prostate cancer through MRI before operation. PI-RADS was capable of assessing the value of risk, but it did not combine clinical characteristics. we combined clinical characteristics and mpMRI parameters for the prediction of the risk of prostate cancer and compared them with PI-RADS. We found that the model was significantly better than PI-RADS (P=0.01976). The AUC of the model is higher than that of PI-RADS (0.99＞0.90, p=0.019). This study demonstrated the feasibility of the model to predict the risk of prostate cancers early so that low-risk patients can avoid unnecessary needle biopsies.

Yurui Sheng¹, Ke Xue², Yongming Dai², and Qingshi Zeng^1
1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Jinan, China, ²MR Collaboration, Central Research Institute, United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques

In clinical practice, distinguishing between Prostate cancer (PCa) and chronic prostatitis (CP) is difficult but necessary. PCa and CP are heterogeneous at the tissue and cell level, and the continuous time random-walk (CTRW) model can provide information on tissue heterogeneity at the microscopic level. We used the CTRW model to characterize tissue heterogeneity and complexity in CP and PCa. Significant differences were found for the CTRW parameters (α, Dm) between CP and PCa. Moreover, CTRW parameters (α, β, Dm) combined with ADC showed optimal diagnostic efficacy for diagnosis, and this combination would be benefit for the clinical diagnostic work.

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Veronica Wallaengen^1,2, Evangelia I. Zacharaki¹, Mohammad Alhusseini¹, Nachiketh Soodana-Prakash², Ahmad Algohary¹, Adrian L. Breto¹, Isaac L. Xu¹, Sandra M. Gaston¹, Rosa P. Castillo Acosta³, Oleksandr N. Kryvenko⁴, Bruno Nahar², Dipen J. Parekh², Alan Pollack¹, Sanoj Punnen², and Radka Stoyanova^1
1Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States, ²Department of Urology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States, ³Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States, ⁴Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States

Keywords: Quantitative Imaging, Prostate, Active Surveillance, mpMRI, Prostate Cancer

Active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer has emerged as a safe and attractive alternative to immediate treatment. Here we present an integrated method for baseline mpMRI analysis enabling early detection of patients harboring lesions with a high potential for progression. The approach consists of three steps: (i) Training a deep learning network for automatic segmentation of prostate and lesions, suspicious for cancer; (ii) Application of the network to identify lesions on mpMRI images for patients, enrolled in an AS trial; and (iii) Development of a progression risk stratification model by incorporating radiomic and clinical variables.

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Shili Liu¹, Zhiqiang Chen², Shaoru Zhang³, Xiaohua Chen³, Zhuo Wang³, Yuhui Xiong⁴, and Aijun Wang^5
1Clinical medicine school of Ningxia Medical University, YinChuan, China, ²Department of Radiology ,the First Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China, ³Clinical medicine school of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China, ⁴GE Healthcare，MR Reseaich, Beijing, Beijing, China, ⁵Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University,, Yinchuan, China

Keywords: Prostate, Data Processing

This study aims to investigate whether the quantitative metrics derived from diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI can be used to predict the tumor malignancy of prostate cancer. The results showed that the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, T_max (s), SI_max%, R_max% were correlated with Ki-67 to a certain extent, DWI and DCE-MRI parameters are expected to be a non-invasive examination method to measure the ability of prostatic malignant tumor cells to expand, and provide an important theoretical basis for evaluating the efficacy of prostate cancer and monitoring the prognosis.

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You Yun¹, Zhiwei Shen², and Xuejun Chen^1
1The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Prostate, CEST & MT

The diagnostic value of histograms based on 3D APT MRI and ADC  in the central glandular region for the differentiation of prostate cancer and prostate hyperplastic nodules was evaluated in this study. The results showed that the 3D APT MRI and ADC histograms had better diagnostic efficacy in the central glandular region for the differentiation of prostate cancer and prostate hyperplastic nodules, but the diagnostic efficacy of the 3D APT.

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Jeremiah Joseph Hess¹, Philip Kenneth Lee², Xuetong Zhou¹, Andreas Markus Loening², and Brian Andrew Hargreaves^1,2,3
1Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, ²Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, ³Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States

Keywords: Prostate, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) of the prostate is commonly used for tumor detection and characterization. However, the echo planar imaging (EPI) based DWI methods commonly used in prostate imaging fail in the setting of field inhomogeneities most related to hip prosthesis and rectal gas. Cartesian Fast Spin-Echo (FSE) is an alternative to EPI that is more robust to off-resonance. In this study, we compare in vivo 3D FSE to multi-shot EPI (MUSE) for DWI prostate imaging, demonstrating that an FSE DWI sequence achieves high image quality while avoiding geometric distortion seen in EPI based DWI.

Guorui Hou¹ and Kai Ai^2
1Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Xi‘an, China

Keywords: Prostate, Tumor, amide proton transfer imaging

Prostate cancer (PCA), which seriously hazard the life and health, is one of the most common malignant tumors in middle-aged and elderly men, and the incidence population tends to be younger. Amide proton transfer imaging (APT) and intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) are two technologies that can be used for prostate cancer diagnostic. This study aims to compare and analyze the diagnostic performance of APT and IVIM in prostate diseases. Besides, we also test the relationship between APT and IVIM derived parameters and Gleason score (GS).

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Yunshu Zhou¹, Zhiqiang Chen², Na Song¹, Zhuo Wang¹, Shaoru Zhang¹, Xiaohua Chen¹, Xiaocheng Wei³, and Aijun Wang^4
1Clinical medicine school of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China, ²Department of Radiology, the First Hospital Affiliated to Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China, ³GE Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China

Keywords: Prostate, Data Processing

This retrospective study aims to investigate the application value of the quantitative relaxation maps derived from synthetic MRI in the diagnosis and invasion assessment of peripheral zone (PZ) prostate cancer (PCa). 88 patients (45 experimental & 43 control) were scanned using the magnetic resonance image compilation (MAGiC) sequence and the quantitative relaxation metrics were calculated and compared. The results demonstrate that quantitative T1 and T2 values are significant indicators for distinguishing PZ PCa from non-cancerous PZ. T2 value has a similar diagnostic performance to apparent diffusion coefficient value and has potential clinical value in evaluating the invasiveness of PCa.

Chen Lihua¹, Song Qingwei¹, Zhigang Wu², Jiazhegn Wang³, and Ailian Liu^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China, ²Clinical and Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Shenzhen, China, ³Clinical and Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Prostate, Prostate

Differentiation of prostate hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostate cancerremains challenge using conventional MR techniques, especially for prostatitis and prostate cancer. This study evaluates the value of Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging to differentiate these diseases. Results of this study indicate that ADC value has no significant difference, but Fraction of Fast ADC-Mono and Fraction of Fast ADC-Bi shows significant difference between prostate hyperplasia vs prostate cancer. Slow ADC-Bi values shows difference between prostatitis vs prostate cancer. In summary, IVIM combined with different fitting scheme is potentially a promising and valuable method for differentiation of prostate hyperplasia, prostatitis and prostate cancer.

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Nida Mir¹, Saskia Damen¹, Jelmer M. Wolterink¹, Frank F.J. Simonis¹, and Jurgen J. Fütterer^1,2
1TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands, ²Radboud UMC, Nijmegen, Netherlands

Keywords: Prostate, Cancer

The aim of this study was to speed up the turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence for prostate MRI by undersampling the k-space, while aiming to retain PSNR/SSIM. We conducted undersampling retrospectively by omitting echo-trains in the TSE sequence based on the proximity of the echoes (within the echo-trains) to the centre of the K-space. The proposed method speeds up the TSE acquisition time by 20%, while retaining the PSNR/SSIM for a kiwi phantom. Optimizing an undersampling pattern for prostate therefore can lead to a substantial decrease in the total scan time.