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Margaret Stapleton^1,2, Devin Raine Everaldo Cortes^2,3,4, Samuel Wyman^1,2, Cody Ruck^1,2, Shanim Manzoor^1,2, Gabriella M Saladino^1,2, George C Gabriel¹, Tuan Tuan Tan¹, Jiuann-Huey Lin^3,5, Sebastian Ho¹, Sivakama S. Bharathi⁶, Eric Goetzman⁶, Cecilia W. Y. Lo¹, Anthony G Christodoulou⁷, and Yijen L. Wu^1,2
1Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsbrugh, PA, United States, ²Rangos Research Center Animal Imaging Core, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, ³Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, ⁴Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, ⁵Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, ⁶Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States, ⁷Biomedical Imaging Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Keywords: Heart, Fetus, Congenital Heart Disease

Neurodevelopmental deficits (NDD) are a prevalent debilitating factor in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) even after successful surgical palliation, but the etiology for NDD is not understood. Our study in a transgenic mouse model carrying causative genetic mutations found that NDD associated with CHD is not merely the consequence of compromised fetal hemodynamics, but primarily driven by intrinsic genetic factors and modulated by the placenta.  Our study suggests that placental functions might potentially be a possible intervention strategy to overcome intrinsic genetic disadvantages.

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Joao Tourais¹, Yidong Zhao¹, Iain Pierce², Christian Nitsche², George D Thornton², Mehmet Akcakaya³, Qian Tao¹, Thomas A Treibel², and Sebastian Weingartner^1
1Imaging Physics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands, ²Barts Heart Centre and Institute for Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom, ³Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States

Keywords: Myocardium, Quantitative Imaging

Approximate myocardial spin-lock (SL) dispersion mapping was obtained using simultaneous T_RAFF2 and T₂ mapping with good image quality and consistent repeatability among healthy subjects at 3T. Initial patient data indicates clinical feasibility and sensitivity to scar tissue, as identified by LGE. T₂ and T_RAFF2 are sensitive to distinct macromolecular interactions, showing differential contrast in disease. SL dispersion may exploit this and allow for isolating contrast components (e.g. chemical exchange effects). Our results suggest that these may allow for robust, complementary, and comprehensive clinical sensitivity to pathological remodeling. Future evaluation in a larger patient cohort with different myocardial injuries is warranted.

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Fikunwa O Kolawole^1,2,3, Tyler E Cork^1,2,4, Michael Loecher^1,2, Vicky Y Wang^1,2, Ellen Kuhl³, and Daniel B Ennis^1,2
1Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, ²Radiology, Veterans Administration Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States, ³Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States, ⁴Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States

Keywords: Myocardium, In Silico, computational modeling; inverse finite element modeling

As increased passive myocardial stiffness is implicated in the etiology of many cardiac diseases, its in vivo estimation can improve management of heart disease. MRI-driven computational constitutive modeling can be used to obtain subject-specific passive myocardial stiffness. We present a method for building an in silico model to estimate subject-specific passive myocardial stiffness by combining LV geometric data derived from cine bSSFP, regional kinematics extracted from tagged MRI, and myocardial microstructure measured using in vivo cDTI. This project aims to develop a clinically translatable in vivo passive myocardial stiffness evaluation framework by integrating cardiac MRI and computational modeling.

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Xun Yue¹, Pengfei Peng¹, and Jiayu Sun^1
1Radiology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Keywords: Cardiomyopathy, Parkinson's Disease, Cardiac magnetic resonance,Cardiac function,Myocardial strain

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease. Likewise, heart failure (HF) is one of the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. The prevalence of HF has been found to be twice among PD patients compared with overall population regardless any other heart diseases and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Cardiac MRI is the clinically recognised gold standard for the assessment of ventricular functional parameters and myocardial histology. We have designed a study to assess the cardiac function and structure in patients with PD compared with a control group by means of cardiac magnetic resonance.

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Seonghwan Yee^1
1Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

Keywords: Heart, Relaxometry, MOLLI

The modified Look-Locker imaging (MOLLI) technique, widely used in cardiac T1 mapping, requires specification of an acquisition timing scheme. For better quantification of wide range of T1 values, different acquisition schemes have been used for the prior- and post-contrast conditions. However, the strategy of having two different acquisition schemes might add complexity to the consistent management of clinical protocols, especially in a clinical environment with multiple MRI systems. Hence, a phantom experiment was performed to examine the necessity of this strategy. The results here suggest that having a separate acquisition scheme for the post-contrast condition would not be necessary.

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Ann Laube^1,2, Matthias Ivantsits¹, Markus Hüllebrand^1,3, Lennart Tautz³, Léa Ter-Minassian⁴, Hannu Zhang⁴, Patrick Doeblin^2,5, Sebastian Kelle^2,5, and Anja Hennemuth^1,2,3,6
1Institute for Computer-assisted Cardiovascular Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ²DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ³Fraunhofer MEVIS, Bremen, Germany, ⁴Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ⁵Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Berlin, Germany, ⁶University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany

Keywords: Heart, Radiomics, Reproducibility

Radiomics has been applied in cardiovascular imaging with promising results. Still, the effect of imaging parameters on the reproducibility of radiomics features needs to be well understood for these to be used in clinical diagnostics. We conduct a retrospective study on short-axis cine CMR images of healthy volunteers to assess the impact of different temporal sampling parameters on the reproducibility of shape, first-order, texture, and deformation field-based features, and contextualize the findings with inter- and intra-observer variability. We find that the reproducibility of features is dependent on temporal sampling, warranting the introduction of parameter standardization for radiomics analyses.  

Zhang Jun¹, Luo Song¹, and Dou Weiqiang^2
12. Department of Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, ²4. MR Research, GE Healthcare, Beijing, China

Keywords: Heart, Myocardium

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility of assessing myocardial microvascular perfusion of patients with exertional heat illness (EHI) by intravoxel incoherent motion imaging.

Methods: CMR-IVIM image quality was evaluated with a 3-point scale. CMR-IVIM derived parameters were analyzed and compared between EHI and HC. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used.

Results: CMR-IVIM image quality were significantly improved. EHI patients showed decreased D*, decreased f values and higher D values  compared to HC. f showed the most robust efficacy for detecting EHI related myocardial injury with the highest area under the curve.

Conclusion: CMR-IVIM can evaluate myocardial injury of EHI patients.

Yanhui Hao¹, Jianxin Guo², Yi Zhu³, Rui Zhang¹, Lihong Chen², and Jiantao Liu^4
1THE FIRST AFFILIATED OF XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, Xi'an, China, ²THE FIRST AFFILIATED OF XI'AN JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY, XI'an, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China, ⁴Philips Healthcare, XI'an, China

Keywords: Heart, Body

The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of native T1 and enhanced T1 in the diagnosis of acute heart failure. Using echocardiographic ejection fraction and clinical symptoms as reference standards, The statistical results of our data showed that the native T1 value was found to have high sensitivity and specificity in predicting acute heart failure.

Qifan Lu¹, Qiming Liu¹, Yezi Chai¹, and Meng Jiang^1
1Renji Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

Keywords: Cardiomyopathy, Radiomics

Detecting left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) is common in a clinical scenario, while a precise classification of LVH etiology is quite challenging. In this study, we applied radiomics methods to LVH detection and LVH etiology classification. Innovatively, we extracted radiomic features not only from the myocardium(MYO) but also includes features from the papillary muscle(PM). After strict feature selection and analysis, we found the incorporation of PM features improves our model performance compared with models that simply use MYO features. 

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Sulayman el Mathari¹, Jolanda Kluin¹, Luuk Hopman², Pranav Bhagirath², Maurice Oudeman¹, Alexander Vonk¹, Steven Chamuleau², Robert Klautz^1,3, Aart Nederveen⁴, Pim van Ooij⁴, and Marco Götte^2
1Cardiothoracic Surgery, AmsterdamUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ²Cardiology, AmsterdamUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands, ³Cardiothoracic Surgery, LUMC, Leiden, Netherlands, ⁴Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, AmsterdamUMC, Amsterdam, Netherlands

Keywords: Valves, Valves, Fibrosis

Timing of mitral valve repair (MVR) surgery in mitral valve regurgitation (MR) patients remains a subject of debate. Assessment of left atrial (LA) fibrosis might aid to improve clinical management of these patients. We assessed LA fibrosis extent using 3-dimensional late gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging prior to and after MVR surgery in MR patients (n=6). Our data demonstrates a decrease of LA volume, while a concomitant increase in LA fibrosis was observed. Further study is required to determine the potential relation between LA fibrosis, pre- and post-operative changes and long-term clinical outcome.

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Lu Lin¹, Difei Jiang², Yueting Xiao², and Yining Wang^1
1Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China, ²Shukun (Beijing) Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China

Keywords: Heart, Heart

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance(CMR) imaging is an advanced cardiovascular imaging modality to evaluate cardiac structure and function. Therefore, the accuracy of segmentation directly affects the clinical evaluation and diagnosis. In this study, we used Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM) network, proposing a novel deep learning-based model for accurate automated bi-ventricle segmentation of CMR images.

Zhe Jin¹, Ruimeng Yang¹, Yongzhou Xu², Peng Wu³, Faith Zeng⁴, and Xinhua Wei^1
1Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou, China, ²Philips Healthcare, Guangzhou, China, ³Philips Healthcare, Shanghai, China, ⁴Philips Healthcare, Nanchang, China

Keywords: Vessels, Rare disease, Stuck Catheter；Central Venous；Atrial Laceration

The stuck central venous catheter (CVC) results from fibrin sheaths that firmly adhere the catheter to the wall of the superior vena cava or right atrium. Here, we report a patient with stuck CVC. The patient underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the central vein to remove the catheter and then suffered intraoperative cardiac arrest with a bedside ultrasound suggesting cardiac tamponade and considered a right atrial laceration. The patient was then transferred to ICU, where he was discharged over a week later with stable vital signs, pending further surgery. The preoperative MRI features were analyzed retrospectively.

Fuyan Wang¹, Cailing Pu¹, and Hongjie Hu^1
1Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

Keywords: Quantitative Imaging, Cardiovascular, compressed sensing

The main goal of this study is to evaluate the practicability of a single breath-hold whole-heart coverage compressed sensing cine sequence in daily CMR examination, moreover, to optimize the scanning procedure for patients with different kinds of cardiac dysfunction. For patients, especially those are diagnosed with chronic heart failure, the single breath-hold CS cine can substantially shorten scanning time and provide reliable cardiac function parameters comparing with routine bSSFP cine. This single breath-hold CS cine sequences is recommended to be used before contrast injection because of gadolinium agent induced reduction of end-systolic/diastolic volume and image contrast.

Minwen Zheng¹ and shuangxin li^2
1Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China, ²Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, xinan, China

Keywords: Heart, Cardiovascular

This study evaluated the structural, functional and tissue characteristic changes of myocardium in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy after treated with the Liwen procedure using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) techniques. Compared with pre-operation, one year after treated with Liwen procedure (a new effective procedure), patients’ septal and left ventricular free wall thickness and left ventricular mass (LVM) were significantly reduced. There was no significant change in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (P>0.05).
 

Jianmin Zheng¹, Yishi Wang², Jianxiu Lian², Yijun Li¹, Ping Tian¹, Ying Liu¹, and Minwen Zheng^1
1Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi 'an, China, ²Philips Healthcare,, Beijing, China

Keywords: Myocardium, Diffusion/other diffusion imaging techniques, Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy（HCM）

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary cardiomyopathy with a relatively high rate of sudden death. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is widely used for evaluating motion of water protons as one of the functional magnetic resonance imaging methods. Second-order motion-compensated spin echo (M2SE) has been applied for cardiac DWI, but there are few reports of M2SE combined with ZOOM for HCM. The results showed that both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of ZOOM-M2SE were significantly higher than those of M2SE only, and the ADC value of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was also significantly higher than that of healthy controls. Cardiac DWI using ZOOM-M2SE would be a more appropriate method for investigating the myocardial microenvironment in healthy and HCM subjects.

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Jo-Hua Peng¹, Ming-Ting Wu², Nai-Yu Pan³, Teng-Yi Huang³, Yi-Jui Liu⁴, Ken-Pen Weng^5,6, and Hsu-Hsia Peng^1
1Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ²Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ³Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan, ⁴Department of Automatic Control Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung, Taiwan, ⁵Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ⁶Dpartment of Pediatrics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

Keywords: Heart, Radiomics

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) radiomics is a novel technique for advanced cardiac image phenotyping. This study aimed to develop a radiomics-based classification model by CMR images and thereby to identify rTOF patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation (PR). In our results, the radiomics-based classification model can successfully identify rTOF patients with PR ≥25% by routine CMR cine images. The extracted features underlined the RV intracardiac flow alteration due to PR and the potential right ventricular remodeling in rTOF patients with severe PR. This radiomics-based information may be helpful in determining the appropriate timing for pulmonary valve replacement in the future.

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Leo L. Cheng¹, Mark V. Füzesi^1,2, Xiaoyu Wang^1,3, Antonia Leist^1,4, Anna-Laura M. Hasubek^1,4, and Paul B. Yu^5
1Molecular Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States, ²Charité - Berlin University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany, ³Nanjing University, Nanjing, China, ⁴Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany, ⁵Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States

Keywords: Myocardium, Spectroscopy

Myocardial fibrosis plays a key role in the pathological remodeling of the diseased heart. Yet, there is currently no routine screening method for it. The gold standard, histological examination, is highly invasive. Other alternatives are either costly (e.g. PET-CT, MRI) or subjective (echocardiography). Using HRMAS MRS, we analyzed blood samples from subjects diagnosed with common myocardial fibrosis (MF), amyloidosis (CA), or sarcoidosis (CS), plus controls. The identified regions of interest (ROI) and principal components (PC) enabled us to distinguish between diseased and not-diseased, and between the different disease groups. This may contribute to earlier diagnosis and increased success of treatment.

Hongzhi Yang¹, shaoyu wang², and Ruwu Yang^1
1Xi dian group hospital, Xi'an, China, ²DI MR SMK, Siemens Healthineers, Shanghai, China

Keywords: Myocardium, Cardiovascular, Gd deposition

In this study, we used the CMR T1mapping technique was to evaluate the correlation between T1R and gadolinium deposition in the myocardium of patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy after gadolinium enhancement. 

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Xuan Li¹ and Jiang Wu^1
1Shanxi Cardiovascular Hospital, Taiyuan, China

Keywords: Cardiomyopathy, Quantitative Imaging

This retrospective study aimed to detect left ventricular myocardial strain by CMR-FT in ARVC patients. The 25 ARVC patients were divided into 2 subgroups: the preserved LVEF group (LVEF ≥50%, n=15) and the reduced LVEF group (LVEF <50%, n=10). The biventricular global and regional myocardial strain parameters in the radial, circumferential, and longitudinal directions were compared between ARVC and control group. ROC curve analysis showed the left ventricular basal longitudinal strain exhibited good performance in differential diagnosis between the LVEF ≥50% ARVC and the control group. In conclusion, CMR-FT can early detect left ventricular myocardial motion changes in ARVC patients.

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Jingyu Zhang¹, Di Tian¹, Ziqi Xiong¹, Yifan He¹, and Zhiyong Li^1
1The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

Keywords: Heart, Kidney

T2 mapping is used to assess the degree of myocardial damage in CKD patients, and T2 values increase as the glomerular filtration rate decreases in CKD patients.